23 Ene James II is the following surviving young man out-of Charles We and you can Henrietta Maria
James retired every one of their offices inside 1673 unlike need an enthusiastic anti-Catholic oath enforced of the therefore-called Shot Operate meaning that generated their reputation recognized in public
James II's first partner, Anne, are Protestant (in the event she changed into Catholicism), in addition to their d away from Orange and you can queen off The united kingdomt) and Anne, whom succeeded es's 2nd partner, Mary out-of Modena, was Roman Catholic, as well as their young man is actually James Edward, the old Pretender.
James II (born Oct fourteen, 1633, London, England-passed away Sep 5/6 [September , New Layout], 1701, Saint-Germain, France) queen out of The united kingdomt, Scotland, and you may Ireland out-of 1685 to help you 1688, together with past Stuart monarch regarding the lead male line. He had been deposed regarding the Wonderful Revolution (1688–89) and you may changed by William III and you may es's Roman Catholicism, forever founded Parliament just like the ruling electricity from The united kingdomt.
He was formally written duke off York within the January 1644. From inside the English Municipal Conflicts he existed within Oxford-away from October 1642 until the area surrendered for the ent so you're able to St. James's Castle, from which the guy fled to the Netherlands within the April 1648. He rejoined their mother within the France in early 1649. Joining the brand new French armed forces inside the paigns in great French standard the fresh new vicomte de- Turenne, which commended his bravery and feature.